Moisture content
There are three moisture
levels, printed on stamps as:
"S-Dry," which means the board has less than 19 percent water weight
"S-Grn"
(for green), which means the board has more than 19 percent water
weight
"MC-15" certifies the board has a 15 percent moisture maximum and is
rarely used in home projects
If you buy green lumber
or dry lumber that has been left out in the weather, try to buy and
store it ahead of time so the wood can lose moisture.
If you use wet wood in a
project, the lumber will shrink causing unsightly gaps or squeaky
floors.
Species
Lumber associations have
grouped many different softwood species into stamp categories that
can contain one species or many.
The most common in the
northeastern United States are:
Southern Pine
Spruce-Pine-Fir (SPF)
Douglas Fir
Hem-Fir
Lumber
Grade
There are many different
types of lumber grades, most aimed at the construction industry.
Most homeowners will see
just four grades:
Select
Structural (SEL STR)
No. 1
No. 2
No. 3
Select structural is
nearly knot-free and as a result is rare, and very expensive.
Grades 1 through 3 are
graded on how many knots and defects appear in the board and how
that affects the strength of the lumber.